My name is McKenzie Skiles and I'm a snow hydrologist(水文学家) at the University ofUtah in Salt Lake City. Actually, the purpose is to track dust's impact on water resources.
I am most interested in the impact of warming temperatures on snow melting rates, and Ihave started studying snowmelt since 2009 in Utah and Colorado. When I skied to research sites in Utah to collect snow for my experiment, the mountainous landscapes were covered in dust. It's clear that 2009 was one of the biggest years for dust deposition(沉积) onto snow.
I usually have to cover several kilometers, carrying a 27-kilogramme pack with a shovel(铲子) to dig a snow hole, tools to cut s now and measure its density, and containers to collect snow for analyses. One year, I hit a dusty area of suow, broke my ski and sliced my leg open.
In areas with heavy dust deposition, such as the southern Rocky Mountains, dust speeds up melting by one or two months. Warming air temperatures affect snow gathering, but dust builds up over time and darkens the surface.
I'm now exploring different ice and snow landscapes for further research. For example,how black-carbon buildup following forest fires affects melting. As we move into a future that is likely to be even dustier, we need them to predict snowmelt for many reasons,including working out how to use water in the western United States efficiently.
A. The dust caused a lot of trouble.
B. I went for miles in the wilderness.
C. Doing my research is no easy task.
D. One of the goals is to develop snowmelt models.
E. In Colorado, the red dust from desert soils had also blown in.
F. As a result, the snow will absorb more sunlight and quick en melting.
G. My job is to ski in the wilderness to measure dust on top of snow each spring.
Despite its benefits, drinking milk into adulthood, let alone other animals' milk, is a strange behavior in the animal kingdom. What makes it even stranger is that an estimated 68 percent of the global human population is actually lactose (乳糖) intolerant. Scientists are still getting to the bottom of why the practice began and continued. This research could unlock new understandings of our food cultures and even our DNA．
The earliest evidence of animal milk drinking dates back almost
9. 000 years to modern-day Turkey near the sea of Marmara. where milk fats have been found on ancient pottery. According to Jessica Hendy. a scientist at the University of York. then milk would have been part of a diverse diet for it was mixed with other food. From its origins, the technology of making use of milk spread into the Caucasus and then across Europe. By the Bronze Age, people may have been using cow's milk to feed their babies.
For a long time, researchers believed that milk drinking changed as a cultural practice hand in hand with the spread of genetic mutations (变异) that allowed people to tolerate milk into adulthood. But one recent finding suggests milk drinking occurred before these mutations and might not even require them. In Europe. people appear to have been drinking milk for thousands of years before any genetic ability to drink milk became common. The ancient cheese making equipment might offer part of the solution: Fermenting (发酵) milk into yogurt. cheese, or other products reduces the amount of lactose. In Mongolia. researchers have not yet found a genetic mutation that allows people to digest lactose, despite the major role of milk in that culture. So some scientists held that there might be other potential factors helping.
What we do know about the history of milk reveals how wrong-headed one-size-fits-all nutritional guidance can be. In modern America. milk drinking has been presented as a universal good. In reality, how milk is prepared can change the nutritional picture, and how much our bodies process depends, at least in part. on our own genes.
Whether you are a lifelong bookworm or are trying to develop a love for reading in your kids, the 2024 Miami Book Fair is for you.
◆ When and Where Is the Fair?
This much-loved South Florida event will be held from May 12 to 18,2024 at the MDCWolfson Campus Plaza in Downtown Miami.
◆ What to Expect at the Fair?
This year, the fair will feature more than 400 celebrated authors from around the world.There will be a rich collection of writers and their works of almost every type under the sun.Readers can not only explore arts and crafts, but also experience face painting and book giveaways. For green writers, it's a place to connect with their favorite editors. For book lovers,it's an opportunity to get autographs(亲笔签名) from many popular authors and ask them some questions. During this week-long book feast, you will find a group of events running from morning to night.
◆ How Much Does the Fair Cost?
On Friday, the fair is free. On Saturday or Sunday, it is $10 for an adult for one day, or you can get a two-day pass for $ 15. Kids under age 12 can attend for free and the kid aged13-18 is $5 per day.
So mark your calendars, head to Downtown Miami, and enjoy yourself in the heart of the city's literary scene.
Every morning on the island of Oahu, students at Pū‘ohala Elementary gather on a field as towering mountain s watch them from the mist. Their day starts with songs in‘ọlelo Hawai‘i,the islands' native language, restating values of respect and justice that their teachers hope willguide them through their education, and throughout their lives.
Like most kids their age, they're not concerned about the significance of the language they're learning. Still, they have a weighty responsibility: to receive the torch (火炬) and ensure the security of‘ölelo Hawai‘i for future generations.
It was only 50 years ago that the language was on the edge of extinction. Though the situation is much improved, in many ways‘õlelo Hawai‘i is still on life support. Teachers say there's a huge enthusiasm for school kids to learn the language, but as they grow up, they're encouraged to focus on "more useful" subjects and use English, which are believed to assist·them in achieving success in their work. In 2016, there were 18,610 Hawaiian speakers on the islands.
"One hundred thousand is the approximate number of speakers needed to consider the language safe," says Solomon, professor of Hawaiian language at University of Hawai‘i atMānoa. "The idea is that there are enough people passing it on to the next generation,socializing their children to use the language in all domains of life, to express all thoughts and needs and desires."
Fortunately, the kids of Pū‘ōhala Elementary will take the responsibility to continue the work of the current young adults defending the language, expanding access to‘Ōlelo Hawai‘i in part through TikTok and Instagram, and making the language a practical skill in adulthood.These youth, along with those committed to recovering the language from previous generations,share their hopes for the better.
Art Gallery of NSW(New South Wales) Exhibition
Louise Bourgeois: Has the Day Invaded the Night or Has the Night Invaded the Day?
25 November 2023-28 April 2024
Day and night, love and rage, calm and chaos. Enter a world of emotional extremes in this exhibition of the art of Louise Bourgeois, one of the most influential artists of the past century. Born in Paris in 1911 and living and working in New York until her death in 2010, Bourgeois is well-known for her fearless exploration of human relationships across a seven-decade career.
Louise Bourgeois: Has the Day Invaded the Night or Has the Night Invaded the Day? reveals the extraordinary reach and intensity of Bourgeois' art, from unforgettable sculptures of the 1940s to her tough yet tender weaving works of the 1990s and 2000s. It also reveals the psychological tensions that powered her search, through a dramatic presentation in two contrasting exhibition spaces. Moving from the well-lit rooms of " Day" to the darkened area of " Night" , viewers will encounter more than 120 works, including many never seen before in Australia.
Tickets can be booked online via the exhibition or event page on our website, or in person at the welcome desk at the Art Gallery. Tickets cannot be exchanged, but if something unexpected happens that prevents you from attending, you can change the date of your reservation in your confirmation email.
1. 相关介绍；
2. 旅伴要求。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Join Me for a City Walk
Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism that helps us sustain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be exhausting. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we' ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones.
It' s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar options as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don' t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships.
It' s easy to paint the familiarity principle as an enemy or something to battle as if it is something that holds us back from living our dreams. But this attitude might be overwhelming because it tends to encourage us toward big-picture thinking. Where we imagine that change requires a substantial dramatic swing that we don' t feel ready for. Some articles suggest the solution to familiarity frustration is complete exposure to novelty. While this can appear effective in the short run, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout.
So what if we can work with the familiarity principle instead? Familiarity is something we can learn to play with and enjoy. It is a setting for creativity and a pathway to expansion. We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lives to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable options.
Self-love
We all have the thought of having satisfactory relationships, which will bring some meaning to our lives and make us happy. However, we often forget that true happiness lies right within us, that is, we needn't go anywhere to find it.
By now we have heard more than a million times that true happiness lies within ourselves. You have to love yourself first in order to love someone else. Many people say self-love is the foundation of a happy life. But have you ever wondered that with so many preachers (传道者) of self-love, why haven't we been able to love ourselves?
We have been taught to be selfless from the start of time. The minute we start thinking about ourselves, everyone around us makes it their personal mission to remind us of how selfish we are. But there is nothing wrong with putting your needs and yourself first. It only helps us better understand which sacrifices are worth making!
The stronger your roots are, the more difficult it will be for winds to knock down the branches. Before exploring this view, it is very important to understand what self-love truly means. With such a thin line between being ruthless (冷酷无情的) and self-loving, it is too easy to trip over the darker side.
A. Self-love is not selfish.
B. Yes, that's right.
C. No, that's ridiculous
D. Self-love is always criticized.
E. We are busy in finding true happiness everywhere.
F. Self-love is the root of all your healthy relationships.
G. Below is one of the reasons for our failure to love ourselves:
Have you ever heard someone say "You can tell a lot about someone by how they dress" and wondered if that was true? What you wear can inform (passer-by) of your type of employment, as well as your ambitions, emotions and spending habits.
In early civilizations, the key purpose of clothing was (keep) us warm. Today, central heating warms our homes, (reduce) our dependence on clothes alone to help us to survive. Clothes (develop) from previous practical belongings to today's social markers: they affect the way we see (us). They help us to be seen in the light that we wish to be, and also bring our personalities and social status.
In many societies, dress sense represents personal wealth and taste. For example, Economist George Taylor demonstrated this most (vivid) with the Hemline Index (裙摆指数). Taylor noted that as a country enters recession (衰退) and adopts simply spending habits, women often show a preference towards (long) dresses, while during times of prosperity (繁荣), opposite result can be seen—hemlines often become shorter.
Whether you are male or female, your fashion choices can affect both your self-image, the impression you convey to others and in turn, the way in which people behave towards you.
YOU ARE WHAT YOU WEAR!
