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江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语...

更新时间:2023-11-15 浏览次数:32 类型:期末考试
一、单项选择
  • 1.  We work together to achieve our common purpose: to build ____ world that is safer, cleaner and healthier than ____ one we are living in. 
    A . a; the B . the; the C . the; / D . a; /
  • 2.  —Many kids are made to learn in advance by their parents. 

    —It's "Pulling seedlings to help them grow" and goes ____ the rules of child development.

    A . as B . against C . with D . over
  • 3.  —Have you decided whether to take the family trip to Xinghua Cauliflower?

    —No. It depends on the ____ we'll come to at tonight's family meeting.

    A . conclusion B . conversation C . communication D . competition
  • 4.  Start of Summer is the first solar term of summer. People hold traditional activities such as egg competitions and checking weight to ____ their wishes for good health and a happy life. 
    A . explain B . express C . expect D . excuse
  • 5. —Bob always spends his spare time surfing the website "Around the World in Eight Hours".

    —It's his dream to ____ a tourism company to show people places of interest after graduation.

    A . give up B . pick up C . make up D . set up
  • 6. —It's impolite ____ the woman to drop litter at the museum.

    —She really should learn ____ in public so that she can set a good example to her children. 

    A . of; what to behave B . for; how to behave C . of; how to behave D . for; what to use
  • 7.  —Must I bring my student card to renew these two books?

    —No, you ____, but you ____ bring your library card. 

    A . mustn't; can B . can't; must C . don't have to; need D . needn't; must
  • 8.  —Shenzhou XVI was successfully set out on May 30. ____ will the astronauts return?

    — ____ their task is finished in five months. 

    A . How long; Until B . When; Not until C . How long; Not until D . How soon; Until
  • 9.  The idea of the information below are organized in the way of ____ .                                  

    Tips for Making a Fruit Salad

    First, choose your favourite fruit. Then, wash the fruit. After that, cut some of the bigger fruit into small pieces. Finally, mix them together and add some cream if you like. 

    A . time order B . general to specific C . specific to general D . space order
  • 10.  —I lost my wallet yesterday. To make things worse, my ID card and driving license were in it. 

    —____. We should learn the importance of preventing risks with a Plan B. 

    A . Every dog has its day B . It never rains but pours C . Don't put all your eggs in one basket D . Don't burn the candle at both ends
二、完形填空
  • 11.  请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    My friend Richard went far to work, so he asked me to take care of the courtyard in the mountains. He worked hard and often kept the courtyard 1  without any weed. But I was so lazy, just 2  swept the fallen leaves, that I never pluck(拔) grass, allowing it to grow rapidly. In the early 3  , in March, they sprouted several clusters of buds(长出几簇嫩芽), whose leaves were green and soft. A month later, when the leaves 4  richly, I discovered they were like wild orchids in the woods. 

    As the summer came and passed, the grass really 5 . They shaped like those forest orchids, 6 they were yellow, unlike those forest orchids, whose flowers were purple or brown red. I picked one flower, then went to find a friend who studied 7 . On seeing it, my friend immediately asked me 8 I picked it. "You get rich!" He 9 explained. "This is a strain of rare orchid which is hard to find. Now this orchid is worth at least 10,000 dollars each. "

    I told the good news to Richard. He was 10 . After a while, he said gently, the orchid broke through the earth every year and thought it was 11 weed, so he often uprooted it when it just sprouted. He couldn't stop sighing (叹气), "I have 12 killed a kind of rare flower; if I could wait for it to flower with 13 , it would have been discovered a few years before. "

    Yes, who will never 14 some rare orchids in their own lives? We always pluck those wild weeds that haven't yet bloomed in time and don't give them the time to flower and bear fruit to prove their value.

    Give each grass the time to flower and give everybody a 15 to prove his value. Don't blindly pull out a blade of grass or negate (否定) a person curtly and how many "rare orchids" we will get in our lives!

    (1)
    A .  natural B .  clean C .  fresh D .  bright
    (2)
    A .  sometimes B .  often C .  never D .  always
    (3)
    A .  spring B .  summer C .  autumn D .  winter
    (4)
    A .  fell B .  rose C .  covered D .  spread
    (5)
    A .  grew B .  happened C .  flowered D .  returned
    (6)
    A .  so B .  and C .  but D .  or
    (7)
    A .  colors B .  mountains C .  seasons D .  plants
    (8)
    A .  how B .  where C .  why D .  when
    (9)
    A .  proudly B .  successfully C .  carefully D .  excitedly
    (10)
    A .  worried B .  surprised C .  scared D .  relaxed
    (11)
    A .  usual B .  special C .  popular D .  rare
    (12)
    A .  hardly B .  simply C .  surely D .  nearly
    (13)
    A .  happiness B .  courage C .  patience D .  confidence
    (14)
    A .  miss B .  find C .  treasure D .  keep
    (15)
    A .  view B .  dream C .  question D .  chance
三、阅读理解
  • 12.  阅读单选

    How can you do calculations (计算) quickly? These days, you can easily use a calculator. 

    But how about people in ancient times? In the very beginning, the cleverest among them thought of using stones and seashells. Then, around the 2nd century B. C. , they invented the abacus. Some researchers consider the invention to be the world's oldest "calculator". In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years.

    The abacus is usually made of wood. It has many beads(珠子). Each rod(竿) stands for a different digit(数位). The rightmost is ones, the second is tens, the third is hundreds, and so on. Each bead in the central area has a value. 

    In the past, the use of the abacus was taught in all schools. It was considered to be an important skill that everybody needed to pick up. Wherever there was a need for calculations, an abacus would come into sight. 

    Today, abacuses are no longer widely used. Perhaps you have never seen one. However, we can still feel the important roles they once played. Abacuses have become a symbol. Because they used to be a must-have for business people, some have come to believe that abacuses can help theirowners gather wealth. 

    1. (1) According to the passage, what are the world's earliest "calculators"?
      A . Stones. B . Seashells. C . Abacuses. D . Beads.
    2. (2) Which number does the picture in the passage stand for?
      A . 3781. B . 1873. C . 1433. D . 5423.
    3. (3) By writing this passage, the author mainly wanted to ____. 
      A . introduce the abacus to people B . teach people how to use the abacus C . try to make the abacus popular again D . explore why the abacus is no longer popular
  • 13.  阅读单选

    I'm Black Beauty, a male horse. Before I was taken to Mr Gordon, my mother Duchess spoke to me, "All young horses have to leave mothers. Whatever happens, try to be gentle and stay away from bad behaviours. "

    Then I came to Mr Gordon's house.

    In the stable (马厩) next to mine was a little fat grey horse. 

    I put my head up and said, "Nice to meet you! What's your name?" He seemed unhappy. "I'm Merrylegs. You are my new neighbor?"

    I said yes. 

    "Well," he replied, "I hope you are well-behaved. I don't like anyone who bites people. " Then he went on, "Mr Gordon should be the best owner!"

    A tall brown female horse shouted at him, "No one knows how long a good home will last!"

    Merrylegs lowered his voice and whispered, "She's Ginger with a bad habit of biting people. "

    The angry voice came again, "You don't know anything! ____, you would bite too. "

    "Poor Ginger! What made her so unhappy?" I thought to myself.

    The next day when I worked with Ginger, she told the whole story. 

    "I was taken away early from Mother and there was no kind master to look after me. My training started with several men forcing me against a wall. One held my nose and another pulled my mouth open to put a bit (马嚼子) in. They never gave me a chance to understand what they wanted. "

    "How could that be?" I said.

    "After the training, I was sold to a man in London, who drove me with a bearing rein (缰绳) . It is a kind of rein that pulls your neck all the way back. Imagine your neck on fire with pain?"

    "Horrible!" I cried.

    "After that, a gentleman found me and he thought that it was wrong for a fine horse to go bad like that. So I was brought here, not long before you came. We are lucky here," Ginger said.

    I felt sorry about her painful experiences which showed exactly why she bit people. "She was rude to people but she couldn't be that way always. What can I do for her?" I couldn't stop thinking about it.

    —Adapted from Black Beauty

    1. (1) According to the story, Ginger ____ her training. 
      A . doubted B . enjoyed C . hated D . worried about
    2. (2) Which can be put in "____" in the story?
      A . If you had no food to eat . B . If you were a female horse. C . If you went through my life . D . If you had a master like Mr Gordon.
    3. (3) Which of the following is true according to the passage?
      A . Black Beauty thought Mr Gordon was the best master he had ever met. B . Merrylegs had a bad habit of biting people because he was trained rudely. C . Ginger was a little fat grey horse that lived in the stable next to Black Beauty's. D . Black Beauty knew why Ginger bit and had pity on her after she told her experiences.
    4. (4) What might the writer write about after this part of the story?
      A . How Ginger met Black Beauty. B . How Black Beauty helped Ginger. C . Where Black Beauty would go next. D . When Ginger would leave this home.
  • 14.  阅读单选

     Did you know that vocabulary (词汇) is more important than grammar? If you have good vocabulary, you can communicate successfully, even if the grammar is not completely perfect. 

    However, one common problem is learning new words and then forgetting them. So when you want to use a new word in a conversation, you can't remember it at that moment. Does this often happen to you? The reason for this difficulty is that most students try to learn vocabulary by studying lists and dictionaries and remembering the words. But it may not work if you don't have a very good memory.

    The best way to learn vocabulary and remember the words successfully is to learn new words and use them at once. You can do this with a very simple exercise. Every time you learn a new word, for example, from an English lesson or an article, write it down in your vocabulary notebook. Writing is more active than just reading a definition (释义). You should write the word, the definition in English or translation, one example sentence from the article or dictionary and one example sentence that you create. 

    Imagine you just learn the word "generous", write in your vocabulary notebook: generous (adjective), definition—giving or willing to give freely. Example one, from the article: Thanks for paying for my dinner, you're very generous. Example two, my example: My brother is generous because he volunteers at the animal shelter (收容所) on weekends. It's best if your example sentences are true to your life, because this creates a personal connection with the new word. The next day, read your vocabulary notebook again and try to add one more example sentence using the new word. It's helpful for you to remember it. These two simple steps—writing the word and using it at once—help you remember and use new words.

    Do you have a vocabulary notebook? If not, start now. 

    1. (1) What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
      A . The problem. B . The new word. C . The conversation. D . The dictionary.
    2. (2) What's the correct order of the following steps of taking vocabulary notes?

      ①Make your own example sentence. 

      ②Write the word, its English definition or translation. 

      ③Copy an example sentence from the article or dictionary. 

      ④Read your notebook again and add one more example sentence. 

      A . ②③①④ B . ②③④① C . ③④②① D . ③②①④
    3. (3) How can we make the best example sentences according to the writer?
      A . By asking for help from friends. B . By explaining words' definitions. C . By connecting them with our life. D . By adding words from the article.
    4. (4) What's the best title for the passage?
      A . Tips for Translating Words B . Advice on Using Grammar C . Abilities of Creating Examples D . Ways of Learning New Words
  • 15.  阅读单选

    Have you ever watched a show about the wild? A shark (鲨鱼) eats a seal! Lions run down a gazelle! Is all nature like that? All about eating and blood? Or is that just what keeps our eyes glued to the TV screen? Let's look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.

    When a lion kills a gazelle, it wants to eat as much as it can and maybe share the rest with its family. There are some living things that will take small pieces of another living thing's body. Parasitism is when one living thing gets its energy from another living thing, does not give anything back, and hurts the thing it's taking things from.

    Now let's get a little nicer. Sometimes a living thing will live off the body of another living thing without hurting it. They do not steal anything. They do not bite. Commensalism is when two living things live together and one gets good things out of it while the other is not hurt by it. Have you seen a picture of a whale (鲸) with rocky white things stuck to its skin? Those are barnacles(藤壶). They attach themselves to the whale, so nothing will try to eat them and they can eat things that float by.

    Now let's get really nice. While sharks are biting and lions are fighting, are there any animals that just get along? Yes! Actually, there are many. Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example. Without flowers, bees could not make honey. Without bees, flowers could not make new seeds. It's win-win for these two. There are lots of animals that get along. Birds will live on the backs of zebras and eat the ticks that are drinking the zebra's blood. The bird gets food. The zebra gets its ticks taken away. In some of these cases, one animal could not live without the other.

    We use the word "Symbiotic (共生的)" for all of these kinds of relationships. Sometimes it's good for one and bad for the other. Sometimes it's just good for one. Sometimes it's even good for both. So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.

    1. (1) The writer mentioned a TV show about the wild in Paragraph 1 to ____. 
      A . tell a story B . solve a mystery C . Introduce a subject D . discuss a programme
    2. (2) Which of the following best describes the relationship between bees and flowers?
      A . Neighbours. B . Friends. C . Strangers. D . Partners.
    3. (3) How does the writer develop the passage?
      A . By showing pictures. B . By giving examples. C . By presenting reasons. D . By drawing conclusions.
    4. (4) What can we infer from the passage?
      A . The world of living things remains to be explored. B . More actions should be taken to protect living things. C . TV programmes about living things require to be improved. D . More money will be spent on documentaries about living things.
四、单词拼写
五、选词填空
  • 21.  请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。                                 

    know mean five care discuss

    1. (1) After several  with her family, Mr Grey decided to donate his body for medical research after his death. 
    2. (2) Jim realized the power of  and technology after taking part in this activity. 
    3. (3) —Who would you like to recommend for this year's Young Star Award?

      —Li Hai. The boy who tried his best and finished  encourages me not to give up. 

    4. (4) Many college students find it  to volunteer for events like the Special Olympics. 
    5. (5) —A car crashed into a pine tree by the roadside the other day. Luckily, nobody got hurt. 

      —Sorry to hear that. I guess the driver was driving 

  • 22. 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词,并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺。                                 

    expect ride translate explain support

    1. (1) I still don't remember how to book hotels online though Tom it to me carefully.
    2. (2) —Is William going sailing with us this afternoon?

      —He a report into French the whole morning, but I'm not sure if he's finished.

    3. (3) The e-bike Dad bought for me on my birthday  well. I like it very much. 
    4. (4) —Who  Oxfam this coming summer holiday?

      —Bob is. He and the twins will take part in a charity walk and I'll give speeches.

    5. (5) —You look quite worried, Jenny. What's up?

      —I went for a job interview yesterday and I  the result. 

六、短文首字母填空
  • 23. 请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。

    Pollution is one of the b problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers, so many of them are polluted. In some cities, the air is filled with pollution. As well as people, animals are also harmed by pollution. We need to take action to protect the e

    Switzerland is beautiful with high mountains and clean blue lakes. In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are s into different groups and then recycled. Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled. The government has many laws to protect our earth. For example, people are not a to cut down trees. Otherwise, they will be punished. 

    Remember that everyone can do something to make a d

  • 24.  请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。

    Red Packets in Chinese Culture

    Giving Hongbao (red packets) is a tradition in China. Traditional red packets are often decorated with gold Chinese characters(汉字), such as happiness and wealth. 

    How red packets are used

    During Chinese New Year, money is put inside red packets which are then h out to younger generations by their parents, grandparents, relatives, and even close neighbours and friends. 

    The c

    Red represents luck and good fortune in Chinese culture. That is why red packets are used during Chinese New Year and other celebrations. 

    How to give and receive

    Giving and receiving red packets is a s act. Therefore, red packets are always presented and received with both hands. 

    Someone who receives a red packet at Chinese New Year or on his or her birthday should not open it in front of the giver. H, things are different at a Chinese wedding(婚礼), where the guests usually give the red packets to the attendants and sign their names on a large scroll (long piece of paper). The attendants will open the packets , and r it on a register(登记簿) at once next to the guests' names.

    The amount(数量)

    The amount of money is relative to your relationship(关系) to the person who receives it—the c your relationship is, the more money is expected. Anyway, it is not the amount of the money that matters, but the care and love you hold for others. 

    What not to gift

    Certain amounts of money should be a. Anything with a four is not good because four sounds s to death in Chinese. Even numbers (偶数) are better than odd numbers e four, as good things are believed to come in pairs. For example, gifting ¥20 is better than ¥21. Besides, money inside a red packet should always be new. 

    Hongbao is a symbol of good l as well as a sign of love from others. It is a Chinese traditional culture which will be passed on forever. 

七、任务型阅读
  • 25. 阅读与回答问题 请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。

    China has successfully grown rice at Tiangong space station

    Since humans sent the first satellite(卫星)to space in the 1950s, scientists have been studying an important topic: how to grow food in space if humans will one day live there. A recent experiment(实验)at the Tiangong space station makes a big step forward. 

    Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings(幼苗)during the Shenzhou XIV mission. "The rice seedlings are growing very well," said Zheng Huiqiong, the seedlings of the tall shoot rice variety have reached a height of 30 centimeters. The seedlings of the dwarf rice variety(矮秆水稻品种)have grown to 5 centimeters.

    While there have been other rice experiments in space, this one is the first of its kind to produce the complete life cycle of a plant —it begins with a seed and ends with a mature(成熟的)plant producing new seeds. 

    Such food-growing experiments are not just for astronauts. They can also solve food problems on Earth. By sending seeds to space, we can create mutated(突变的)seeds, thanks to microgravity(微重力), lack of air and cosmic rays(宇宙射线). The seeds can then produce higher yields(产量)on earth. 

    For more than 30 years, China has developed over 260 new types of seeds in space. They are planted every year in fields that cover tens of millions of hectares(公顷). 

    According to Yao Tong, an engineer from Hainan Aerospace Engineering Breeding Research Center, 30 percent of strawberries sold in Beijing are "space strawberries", and "space bananas" with a growth cycle shortened from 13 months to 9 months.

    1. (1) When was the first satellite sent to space?
    2. (2) What experiment have the Chinese astronauts successfully done at Tiangong Space Station?
    3. (3) What causes the seeds to mutate?
    4. (4) How many new kinds of seeds has China developed in space?
    5. (5) Why do people support space food-growing experiments?(请自拟一句话作答)
八、翻译
九、书面表达
  • 31.  谚语是智慧的结晶,文化的象征。本学期我们学了许多谚语,请从中选择你最喜欢的一句,围绕以下三方面谈谈你的个人理解、成长经历与感悟:

    ①What's the meaning of it?

    ②What's your own experience or story about it?

    ③What's your future plan after learning it?

    注意:(1)短文中应包含所要求的信息,可以适当发挥。(2)词数90词左右, 开头已经写好,不计入总词数。(3)短文中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。

    My Favourite Proverb

    Proverbs are valuable treasure of wisdom and the symbol of culture. 

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